Chicken Manure Biogas Plant: Promoting Sustainable Development

Theoretically, the vast majority of organic matter can be used as raw materials for biogas fermentation. Biogas fermentation raw materials can generally be divided into four categories: agricultural fermentation raw materials, industrial fermentation raw materials, municipal waste fermentation raw materials, and aquatic plant waste fermentation raw materials.

Advantages of Using Livestock and Poultry Manure as Raw Materials for Biogas Fermentation

• The carbon to nitrogen ratio is generally between 15:1 and 30:1, which is very suitable for the growth of anaerobic microorganisms.

  
  

• It has a high buffering capacity, which can cope with mild acidification.

  
  

• Some livestock and poultry manure contain rumen microorganisms, which can supplement biogas fermentation strains in the biogas fermentation system.

Special Attention When Designing Biogas Projects

Different types of livestock and poultry manure have different physical and chemical properties, which will affect the efficiency and stability of biogas projects.

• Cow manure contains more grass and fewer sediments, with more floating scum than sediment. Dairy cow manure also has a relatively high sand content, so sand removal should be considered.

  
  

• Pig manure contains a lot of grass and sediment, with more sediment than floating scum. Due to the large amount of wash water, pig farms generate large amounts of manure wastewater with low concentration, making heating difficult and gas production low in winter.

  
  

• Chicken manure contains feathers and gravel, forming solid sediment during fermentation. Unlike the sand in dairy cow manure, the gravel in chicken manure is wrapped in organic matter, making sand removal more difficult.

  
  

• Sheep and rabbit manure contain a lot of grass and are granular. It requires the setup of a soaking pool during the pretreatment stage to dissolve as much organic matter as possible into the feed liquid.

  
  

• Among them, the biogas from chicken waste is widely used in agricultural production and other fields. The function of chicken manure biogas plants is indispensable in obtaining biogas from chicken waste.

What is a Chicken Manure Biogas Plant?

A chicken manure biogas plant, also known as a poultry waste biogas plant, is a facility specifically designed to convert chicken manure and other organic residues from poultry breeding into biogas. This process is similar to that of many biogas production facilities, focusing on the decomposition of organic matter through anaerobic digestion technology in an oxygen-free environment, ultimately generating biogas rich in methane and carbon dioxide.

Components of a Chicken Manure Biogas Plant

• Anaerobic digestion device: This device is responsible for processing chicken manure and various organic wastes, efficiently producing biogas through biological degradation processes.

  
  

• Biogas capture and storage system: This system is specifically designed to capture and safely store the biogas generated during the digestion process, ensuring no resource loss.

  
  

• Biogas purification device: This system aims to remove unfavorable components like hydrogen sulfide and moisture from the biogas, improving the quality of the biogas.

  
  

• Biogas application system: The purified biogas is flexibly used for power generation, heating, or as automotive fuel, demonstrating its significant potential and value as a renewable energy source.

Advantages of Biogas from Chicken Waste

Developing Renewable Energy

Biogas is a combustible gas mainly composed of methane and carbon dioxide, with methane being the primary combustible component. Through anaerobic digestion technology, chicken manure and other organic wastes can be converted into biogas, thereby developing a clean renewable energy source.

Reducing Organic Waste Emissions

If untreated, organic wastes like chicken manure would cause environmental pollution when directly discharged. Converting them into biogas not only reduces waste emissions but also effectively utilizes resources.

Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions

The methane produced by livestock manure fermentation has a significant greenhouse gas effect. Collecting and utilizing chicken manure through biogas projects can significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions, which is important for mitigating global warming.

Improving Energy Utilization Efficiency

Biogas can be directly burned for electricity generation, heating, or used as automotive fuel among other uses. This diversified energy utilization method improves energy utilization efficiency, making more thorough use of organic wastes like chicken manure.

Promoting Circular Economy

A chicken manure biogas plant not only produces biogas, but the residues from fermentation (such as biogas slurry and biogas residue) can also be used as high-quality organic fertilizers. This helps promote the circular development of agricultural production and achieve resource recycling.

In summary, biogas from chicken waste have multiple advantages, including developing renewable energy, reducing organic waste and greenhouse gas emissions, improving energy utilization efficiency, and promoting the circular economy. Therefore, promoting chicken manure biogas technology is of great significance for sustainable development and environmental protection.